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Media Category: Pathology

Symptomatic Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis | Part I

Written by ParadigMS Foundation on .

Key takeaways Symptomatic management is an essential component of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) care, addressing spasticity, ataxia, mobility impairment, tremor, sensory disturbances, and pain to improve daily functioning and quality of life. Spasticity affects approximately 60% of people with MS and can significantly impair mobility, sleep, and overall quality of life. Spasticity management requires a combination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches, including rehabilitation, stretching, oral antispastic agents, nabiximols, botulinum toxin injections, and intrathecal...

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Central vein sign and paramagnetic rim lesions in Multiple Sclerosis diagnosis

Written by ParadigMS Foundation on .

New MRI biomarkers are becoming increasingly relevant in the diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Among them, the central vein sign (CVS) and paramagnetic rim lesions (PRLs) can improve diagnostic specificity and help distinguish MS from conditions that may mimic the disease. Šarlota Mesaroš reviews the biological basis, MRI detection and clinical relevance of these two biomarkers, and explains how they are incorporated into the revised McDonald diagnostic criteria. Key Insights from the Lecture: The central vein sign reflects a characteristic pathobiological feature of...

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New diagnostic criteria in MS: The evolving role of biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis

Written by ParadigMS Foundation on .

This expert panel discussion explores the current challenges in understanding and managing neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Bringing together clinical perspectives, the conversation highlights gaps in pathophysiology, limitations in monitoring tools, and ongoing uncertainties in long-term treatment strategies. Despite advances in biomarkers and therapies, real-world decision-making remains largely driven by clinical experience. Key Insights from the Lecture: Neurofilaments and GFAP are not specific to Multiple Sclerosis and should not replace established...

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NMOSD Panel Discussion: Pathophysiology, Monitoring, and Treatment Challenges

Written by ParadigMS Foundation on .

This expert panel discussion explores the current challenges in understanding and managing neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Bringing together clinical perspectives, the conversation highlights gaps in pathophysiology, limitations in monitoring tools, and ongoing uncertainties in long-term treatment strategies. Despite advances in biomarkers and therapies, real-world decision-making remains largely driven by clinical experience. Key Insights from the Lecture: Antibodies alone are not sufficient to cause disease Clinical context remains essential T cells play...

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CSF in the new diagnostic criteria in multiple sclerosis

Written by ParadigMS Foundation on .

The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) has significantly evolved over time, moving from a purely clinical approach to a more integrated model combining imaging and biological markers. Among these, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis has regained a central role. Recent advances, particularly the use of kappa free light chains (KFLC), are transforming diagnostic practices by offering a faster, more accessible, and reliable alternative to traditional methods. Key Insights from the Lecture: CSF has long been essential in MS diagnosis Diagnostic criteria have evolved...

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The immunopathological hallmarks of neuromyelitis optica spectrum desorder (NMOSD)

Written by ParadigMS Foundation on .

Nikolaos Grigoriadis presents a keynote lecture on the pathophysiology of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD), focusing on the immunological mechanisms underlying disease activity. The session provides clinically relevant insights into how these mechanisms translate into relapse patterns and therapeutic targets. Key Insights from the Lecture: NMOSD is a relapse-driven disease, with disability primarily resulting from acute attacks rather than progressive mechanisms Anti-aquaporin-4 antibodies are present in the majority of patients and play a central pathogenic...

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